# Contents *The figures in parenthesis refer to the number of the page*) ## **0 - Chapter Index - Pedagogical Anthropology - Restoration** ## [Chapter 00 – Dedication, Preface, Introduction](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#chapter-00-%E2%80%93-dedication%2C-preface%2C-introduction) [A. Dedication](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#a.-dedication) [B. Preface](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#b.-preface) [C. Introduction](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.-introduction) [C.1. The Modern Tendencies of Anthropology and the Relation that they bear to Pedagogy](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.1.-the-modern-tendencies-of-anthropology-and-the-relation-that-they-bear-to-pedagogy) [C.1.1. The Old Anthropology](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.1.1.-the-old-anthropology) - ([1](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_1)) [C.1.2. Modern Anthropology](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.1.2.-modern-anthropology) - ([4](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_4))[ ](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.1.1.-the-old-anthropology) [C.1.3. Achille De Giovanni and Physiological Anthropology](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.1.3.-achille-de-giovanni-and-physiological-anthropology) - ([11](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_11)) [C.1.4. Giuseppe Sergi and Pedagogic Anthropology](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.1.4.-giuseppe-sergi-and-pedagogic-anthropology) - ([14](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_14)) [C.1.5. Enrico Morselli and Scientific Philosophy](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.1.5.-enrico-morselli-and-scientific-philosophy) - ([21](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_21)) [C.2. Importance of Method in Experimental Sciences](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.2.-importance-of-method-in-experimental-sciences) - ([23](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_23)) [C.2.1. The Objective Collecting of Single Facts](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.2.1.-the-objective-collecting-of-single-facts) - ([24](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_24)) [C.2.2. The Passage from Analysis to Synthesis](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.2.2.-the-passage-from-analysis-to-synthesis) - ([26](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_26)) [C.2.3 Objections and Defences](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.2.3-objections-and-defences) [C.3. The Method to be followed in the present Course of Lectures](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.3.-the-method-to-be-followed-in-the-present-course-of-lectures) - ([30](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_30)) [C.4. The Limits of Pedagogical Anthropology](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.4.-the-limits-of-pedagogical-anthropology) - ([34](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_34)) [C.5. The School as a Field of Research](https://montessori-international.com/s/1913-pedagogical-anthropology/wiki/Chapter+00+%E2%80%93+Dedication%2C+Preface%2C+Introduction#c.5.-the-school-as-a-field-of-research) - ([37](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_37)) ## Chapter 01 - Biology * Certain Principals of General Biology The Material Substratum of Life([38](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_38))—Synthetic Concept of the Individual in Biology([38](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_38))—Formation of Multicellular Organisms([42](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_42))—Theories of Evolution([46](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_46))—Phenomena of Heredity([50](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_50))—Phenomena of Hybridism([51](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_51))—Mendel's Laws([51](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_51)). THE FORM AND TYPES OF STATURE The Form([67](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_67))—Fundamental Canons regarding the Form([74](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_74))—Types of Stature, Macroscelia and Brachyscelia; their Physiological Significance([75](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_75))—Types of Stature in relation to Race([77](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_77)), Sex([80](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_80)), and Age([81](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_81))—Pedagogic Considerations([88](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_88))—Abnormal Types of Stature in their relation to Moral Training([91](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_91))—Macroscelia and Brachyscelia in Pathological Individuals (De Giovanni's Hyposthenic and Hypersthenic Types)([95](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_95))—Types of Stature in Emotional Criminals and in Parasites([101](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_101))—Extreme types of Stature among the Extra-social: Nanism and Gigantism([103](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_103))—Summary of Types of Stature([105](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_105)). THE STATURE The Stature as a Linear Index([106](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_106))—Limits of Stature according to Race([108](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_108))—Stature in relation to Sex([111](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_111))—Variations in Stature with Age, according to Sex([118](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_118))—Variations due to Mechanical Causes([119](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_119))—Variations due to Adaptation in connection with various Causes, Social, Physical, Psychic, Pathological, etc. ([124](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_124))—Effect of Light, Heat, Electricity([132](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_132))—Variations in Growth according to the Season([138](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_138))—Pathogenesis of Infantilism([151](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_151))—Stature affected by Syphilis ([157](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_157)), Tuberculosis([158](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_158)), Malaria([160](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_160)), Pellagra([161](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_161)), Rickets([164](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_164))—Moral and Pedagogical Considerations([168](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_168))—Summary of Stature([170](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_170)). THE WEIGHT The Weight considered as Total Measure of Mass([172](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_172))—Weight of Child at Birth ([173](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_173))—Loss of Weight([176](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_176))—Specific Gravity of Body([178](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_178))—Index of Weight([181](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_181)). ## Chapter 02 - Craniology The Head and Cranium([187](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_187))—The Face([188](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_188))—Characteristics of the Human Cranium([191](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_191))—Evolution of the Forehead; Inferior Skull Caps; the Pithecanthropus; the Neanderthal Man([192](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_192))—Morphological Evolution of the Cranium through different Periods of Life([197](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_197))—Normal Forms of Cranium([202](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_202))—the Cephalic Index([207](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_207))—Volume of Cranium([220](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_220))—Development of Brain([220](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_220))—Extreme Variations in Volume of Brain([229](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_229))—Nomenclature of Cranial Capacity([242](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_242))—Chemistry of the Brain([247](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_247))—Human Intelligence([252](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_252))—Influence of Mental Exercise([254](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_254))—Pretended Cerebral Inferiority of Woman([256](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_256))—Limits of the Face([259](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_259))—Human Character of the Face([260](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_260))—Normal Visage([262](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_262))—Prognathism([268](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_268))—Evolution of the Face([272](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_272))—Facial Expression([276](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_276))—the Neck([282](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_282)). ## Chapter 03 - The Thorax Anatomical Parts of the Thorax([281](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_281))—Physiological and Hygienic Aspect of Thorax ([286](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_286))—Spirometry([288](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_288))—Growth of Thorax([294](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_294))—Dimensions of Thorax in relation to Stature([295](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_295))—Thoracic Index([297](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_297))—Shape of Thorax([299](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_299))—Anomalies of Shape([301](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_301))—Pedagogical Considerations: the Evil of School Benches([302](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_302)). ## Chapter 04 - The Pelvis Anatomical Parts of the Pelvis([304](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_304))—Growth of Pelvis([306](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_306))—Shape of Pelvis in relation to Childbirth([307](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_307)). ## Chapter 05 - The Limbs Anatomy of the Limbs([308](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_308))—Growth of Limbs([309](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_309))—Malformations: Flat-foot, Opposable Big Toe([311](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_311)), Curvature of Leg, Club-foot([312](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_312))—The Hand([312](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_312))—Chiromancy and Physiognomy; the Hand in Figurative Speech; High and Low Types of Hand([312](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_312))—Dimensions of Hand([315](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_315))—Proportions of Fingers([316](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_316))—the Nails([317](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_317))—Anomalies of the Hand([317](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_317))—Lines of the Palm([318](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_318))—Papillary Lines([319](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_319)). ## Chapter 06 - The Skin and Pigments Pigmentation and Cutaneous Apparatus([320](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_320))—Pigmentation of the Hair([323](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_323))—of the Skin([325](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_325))—of the Iris([325](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_325))—Form of the Hair([327](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_327))—Anomalies of Pigment: Icthyosis, Birth-marks, Freckles, etc.([329](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_329))—Anomalies of Hair([330](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_330)). MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CERTAIN ORGANS (STIGMATA) Synoptic Chart of Stigmata([332](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_332))—Anomalies of the Eye([333](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_333))—of the Ear([334](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_334))—of the Nose([335](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_335))—of the Teeth([336](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_336))—Importance of the Study of Morphology([338](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_338))—Significance of the Stigmata of Degeneration([342](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_342))—Distribution of Malformations([344](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_344))—Individual Number of Malformations([347](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_347))—Origin of Malformations([355](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_355))—Humanity's Dependence upon Woman([357](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_357))—Moral and Pedagogical Problems within the School([358](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_358)). ## Chapter 07 - Technical Part The Form([361](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_361))—Measurement of Stature([362](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_362))—the Anthropometer([363](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_363))—the Sitting Stature([365](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_365))—Total Spread of Arms([367](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_367))—Thoracic Perimeter([368](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_368))—Weight([368](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_368))—Ponderal Index([368](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_368))—Head and Cranium([369](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_369))—Cranioscopy ([370](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_370))—Craniometry([373](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_373))—Cephalic Index([376](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_376))—Measurements of Thorax([385](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_385))—of Abdomen ([386](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_386)). THE PERSONAL ERROR Need of Practical Experience in Anthropology([387](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_387))—Average Personal Error([388](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_388))—Susceptibility to Suggestion([389](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_389)). ## Chapter 08 - Statistical Methodology Mean Averages([391](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_391))—Seriation([396](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_396))—Quétélet's Binomial Curve([398](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_398)). ## Chapter 09 - The Biographic History of the Pupil and his Antecendents Biographic Histories([404](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_404))—Remote Antecedents([406](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_406))—Near Biopathological Antecedents([407](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_407))—Sociological Antecedents([411](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_411))—School Records([411](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_411))—Biographic Charts([422](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_422))—Psychic Tests([425](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_425))—Typical Biographic History of an Idiot Boy([434](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_434))—Proper Treatment of Defective Pupils([446](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_446))—Rational Medico-pedagogical Method([448](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_448)). ## Chapter 10 - The Application of Biometry to Anthropology for the Purpose of Determining the Medial Man Theory of the Medial Man([454](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_454))—Importance of Seriation([455](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_455))—De Helguero's Curves([460](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_460))—Viola's Medial Man([463](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_463))—Human Hybridism([466](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_466))—the Medial Intellectual and Moral Man([469](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_469))—Sexual Morality([473](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_473))—Sacredness of Maternity([474](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_474))—Biological Liberty and the New Pedagogy([477](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_477)). Table of Mean Proportions of the Body According to Age([480](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_480)). Tables for Calculating the Cephalic Index([485](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_485)). Tables for Calculating the Ponderal Index([491](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_491)). ## Chapter 11 - General Index of Names - ([501](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_501)) ## Chapter 12 - General Index of Subjects - ([503](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46643/46643-h/46643-h.htm#Page_503))