Southern Region
# **Southern Region of Thailand**
**Southern Public, Private, and International Montessori School Directory**
\
Living in or moving to the Southern Region of Thailand and looking for an International Montessori School?
---
## **Southern Region Public Montessori Schools**
**(Thai and Montessori Curriculum)**
The school year for schools following the Thai curriculum starts in May and ends in March. April is considered Holiday. The half-term break is in October. Students finishing Elementary Grades (Pratom) 3, 6, Secondary Grades (Mathayom) 3, and 6 have to pass a Thai National Test (O-Net). In April 2004 the Pilot Project for The Development of the Child’s Potential in Small Government School using the Montessori Approach. The first [AMI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_Montessori_Internationale) 3 to 6 Diploma Course in Thailand started in 2006 and a second course started in 2009, the third course in 2011, and some more followed.
## [Chumphon](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Chumphon)
* **[Bunsombat Wittaya School](https://montessori-international.com/s/sawi/)**
* T. [Na Pho](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Na+Pho), A. [Sawi](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Sawi), C. [Chumphon](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Chumphon)
* **[Montessori Chumphon Ban Khao Thalom School](https://montessori-international.com/s/khaothalom/)**
* T. [Khao Thalom](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Khao+Thalom), A. [Mueang Chumphon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mueang_Chumphon_district), C. [Chumphon](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Chumphon)
For some public schools, we could not find the correct location until now but they appear in papers, scripts, and presentations. Please help us to make this list complete. Thanks!
---
## **Southern Region Private Thai and [Bilingual Schools](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilingual_education)**
### **(Thai and Montessori Curriculum)**
The school year for schools following the Thai curriculum starts in May and ends in March. April is considered Holiday. The half-term break is in October. Students finishing Elementary Grades (Pratom) 3, 6, Secondary Grades (Mathayom) 3, and 6 have to pass a Thai National Test (O-Net).
## [Krabi](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Krabi)
* **[Daisy Chains Krabi Montessori](https://montessori-international.com/s/daisychains/)**
* T. [Ao Nang](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Ao+Nang), A. [Mueang Krabi](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mueang+Krabi), C. [Krabi](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Krabi)
* **[The Montessori Corner Krabi](https://montessori-international.com/s/tmc/)**
* T. [Pak Nam](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Pak+Nam), A. [Mueng-Krabi](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mueang+Krabi), C. [Krabi](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Krabi)
## [Narathiwat](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Narathiwat)
* **[Narashire Montessori](https://montessori-international.com/s/narashire/)**
* T. [Bang Nak](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Bang+Nak), A. [Mueang Narathiwat](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mueang+Narathiwat), C. [Narathiwat](https://https:https//montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Narathiwat)
## [Phang Nga](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phang+Nga)
* **[Christian Montessori Preschool](https://montessori-international.com/s/khaolak/)**
* T. [Khuekkhak](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Kuekkhak) , A. [Takua Pa](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Takua+Pa) , C. [Phang Nga](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phang+Nga)
* **[Yaowawit School](https://phuket.school/s/yaowawit/)**
* T. [Mao](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mao), A. [Kapong](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Kapong), C. [Phang Nga](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phang+Nga)
## [Phatthalung](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Patthalung)
* **[Pattalung Christian School](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pattalung_Christian_School&action=edit&redlink=1)**
* T. [Khuha Sawan](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Kuha+Sawan), A. [Mueang Phatthalung](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mueang+Patthalung), C. [Phatthalung](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Patthalung)
## [Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phuket)
* **[Satit Rajabhat University School](https://montessori-international.com/s/satitpkru/) - [Montessori](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montessori_education)**
* T. [Ratsada](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Ratsada), A. [Mueang Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mueang+Phuket), C. [Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phuket)
## [Songkla](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Songkla)
* **[About Montessori](https://montessori-international.com/s/hatyai/)**
* A. [Hat Yai](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Hat+Yai), C. [Songkla](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Songkla)
* **[Srinagarinda Wittayanukroh School](https://montessori-international.com/s/srinagarinda/)**
* T. [Khlong Sai](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Khlong+Sai), A. [Na Thawi](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Na+Thawi), C. [Songkhla](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Songkla)
* **[Wonder Valley](https://montessori-international.com/s/wondervalley/)**
* T. [Phatong](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phatong), A. [Hat Yai](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Hat+Yai), C. [Songkla](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Songkla)
## [Surat Thani](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Surat+Thani)
* **[Anuban Chuleekorn Montessori School](https://montessori-international.com/s/chuleekorn/)**
* T. [Donsak](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Donsak), A. [Mueang Surat Thani](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mueang+Surat+Thani), C. [Surat Thani](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Surat+Thani)
* **[Surat Montessori Preschool](https://montessori-international.com/s/surat/)**
* T. [Thung Kong](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Thung+Kong), A. [Kanchanadit](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Kanchanadit), C. [Surat Thani](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Surat+Thani)
## [Trang](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Trang)
* **[Trinity Montessori Bilingual School](https://montessori-international.com/s/trinity/)**
* T. [Khuan Khun Kalase](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Khuan+Khun+Kalasae), A. [Sikao](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Sikao), C. [Trang](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Trang)
## [Yala](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Yala)
* **[Montessori House of Sateng](https://montessori-international.com/s/sateng/)**
* T. [Sateng](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Sateng), A. [Mueang Yala](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mueang+Yalai), C. [Yala](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Yala)
---
## **Southern Region Private International Schools**
**(Thai International and Montessori Curriculum)**
The international school year for schools following the Thai international curriculum starts in August and ends in June. July is considered Holiday. The half-term break is in February. Students finishing Elementary Grades (Pratom) 3, 6, Secondary Grades (Mathayom) 3, and 6 have to pass a Thai National Test (O-Net).
## [Chumphon](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Chumphon)
* **[Theodore International School](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Theodore_International_School&action=edit&redlink=1)**
* T. [Takded](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Takded), A. [Mueang Chumphon](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mueang+Chumphon), C. [Chumphon](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Chumphon)
## [Krabi](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Krabi)
* **[International Kids Sunflower](https://montessori-international.com/s/sunflower/)**
* [Saithai](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Saithai), [Ao Nang](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Ao+Nang), [Krabi](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Krabi)
* **[Krabi International Montessori Academy](https://montessori-international.com/s/kms/)**
* T. [Ao Nang](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Ao+Nang), A. [Mueang Krabi](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mueang+Krabi), C. [Krabi](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Krabi)
## [Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phuket)
* **[Greenhouse Phuket Kindergarten](https://phuket.school/s/greenhouse/)**
* T. [Choeng Thale](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Choeng+Thale), A. [Thalang](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Thalang), C. [Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phuket)
* **[Lighthouse Academy - International School](https://phuket.school/s/lighthouse/)**
* T. [Rawai](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Rawai), A. [Mueang Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mueang+Phuket), C. [Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phuket)
* **[Lighthouse Chalong International Kindergarten](https://phuket.school/s/lighthouse-chalong/)**
* T. [Chalong](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Chalong), A. [Mueang Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mueang+Phuket), C. [Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phuket)
* **[Montessori House Phuket International School](https://phuket.school/s/mhp/)**
* T. [Chalong](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Chalong), A. [Mueang Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mueang+Phuket), C. [Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phuket)
* **[Ruamrudee International School (RIS)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruamrudee_International_School)**
* T. [Chalong](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Chalong), A. [Mueang Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Mueang+Phuket), C. [Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phuket) \| Start 2022
* **[United World College Thailand](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=United+World+College+Thailand&category=&sort=name&connection=) - UWCT**
* T. [Thep Krasattri](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Thep+Krasattri), A. [Thalang](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Thalang), C. [Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phuket)
---
## **Southern Region Montessori Homeschool Centers, Groups, and Families**
**(Official Registered Thai Homeschooling and Learning Centers that are following or are oriented on the Montessori Curriculum in addition to other mandatory or chosen Thai or international curricula)**
The Thai homeschool year starts in January and ends in November. December is considered a holiday. A half-term break can be chosen freely. All Thai National Tests (O-Net) are optional for homeschoolers. Thai parents need to register their children to be legally able to homeschool their children with the provincial primary or secondary Education office. In some provinces, the secondary Education office is located in another province (i.e. Phuket Secondary students need to be registered in [Phang Nga Secondary Education Office](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phang_Nga_Secondary_Education_Office&action=edit&redlink=1) while Elementary students can be registered with the [Phuket Primary Education Office](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phuket_Primary_Education_Office&action=edit&redlink=1)). Additionally, they need a Homeschool "Leader" with at least a Secondary Grade Final Exam (Mathayom 6). The Thai Government is supporting homeschool families financially per school term. Foreigners can not lead a Homeschool while they are able to teach Homeschool students.
## [General](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Forum)
* **[Montessori Homeschooling in Thailand](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montessori_Homeschooling_in_Thailand&action=edit&redlink=1)**
* Montessori Homeschooling - Discussion in English Language and in another Group in the Thai Language
* **[Lifestyle Medicine and Montessori Education](https://aslm.me/)**
* [ASLM.ME](http://aslm.me/) - Institute of Applied Science in Lifestyle Medicine and Montessori Education
## [Phuket](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+Phuket)
* **[International Montessori Center and Training - Homeschool (IMCT)](https://montessori-international.com/s/montessori-home/) (currently Tawan’s Homeschool)**
* T. [Rawai](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+San+Sai+Noi), A. Mueang Phuket, C. Phuket
* **n.n.**
* T. [Rawai](https://montessori-international.com/spaces?page=1&keyword=Thailand+San+Sai+Noi), A. Mueang Phuket, C. Phuket
---
### Online International Montessori School Programs with a Presence in Thailand
---
# Southern Thailand
**[The following is cited from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand)**
| **Southern Region**<br><br>**ภาคใต้** |
| --------------------- |
| **[Region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regions_of_Thailand)** |
| <br><br>From upper-left to lower-right: <br>Sunrise Thailand [Ko Samui](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko_Samui), [Tarutao National Park](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarutao_National_Park), [Wat Phra Mahathat Woramahawihan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wat_Phra_Mahathat_Woramahawihan), [Rajjaprabha Dam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajjaprabha_Dam), and [Phuket City](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phuket_City). |
| <br><br>Southern Region in Thailand |
| Largest city: [Hat Yai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hat_Yai) |
| Provinces: 14 Provinces |
| Area[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_note-RFD-1) Total of 73,848 km2 (28,513 sq mi) |
| Population (2018)[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_note-TDD-2) |
| • Total: 9,454,193 |
| • Density: 134/km2 (350/sq mi) |
| [Demonym(s)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonym): [Southern Thai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thai) |
| [Language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language): [Southern Thai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thai_language) • [Pattani Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattani_Malay) • [Satun Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedah_Malay) • [Mos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mos_language) • [Urak Lawoi'](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urak_Lawoi%27_language) • [Moklen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moken_language) • [Hokkien](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien) *etc.* |
**Southern Thailand**, **Southern Siam,** or **[Tambralinga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tambralinga)** is the southernmost [cultural region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_region) of [Thailand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand), separated from the [Central Thailand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Thailand) region by the [Kra Isthmus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kra_Isthmus).
## **Contents**
1. [Geography](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#Geography)
2. [History](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#History)
3. [Languages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#Languages)
4. [Administrative divisions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#Administrative_divisions)
5. [Demography](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#Demography)
1. [Ten major cities in southern Thailand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#Ten_major_cities_of_southern_Thailand)
6. [Economy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#Economy)
7. [Transportation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#Transportation)
1. [Road](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#Road)
2. [Rail](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#Rail)
3. [Air](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#Air)
8. [See also](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#See_also)
9. [References](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#References)
10. [Further reading](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#Further_reading)
11. [External links](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#External_links)
## Geography
**Khao Sok National Park, Surat Thani**
Southern Thailand is on the [Malay Peninsula](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Peninsula), with an area of around 70,714 km2 (27,303 sq mi), bounded to the north by [Kra Isthmus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kra_Isthmus), the narrowest part of the peninsula. The western part has highly steep coasts, while on the east side river plains dominate. The largest river in the south is the [Tapi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapi_River,_Thailand) in [Surat Thani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surat_Thani_Province), which together with the [Phum Duang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phum_Duang_River) in [Surat Thani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surat_Thani_Province) drains more than 8,000 km2 (3,100 sq mi), more than 10 percent of the total area of southern Thailand. Smaller rivers include the [Pattani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattani_River), [Saiburi](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saiburi_River&action=edit&redlink=1), [Krabi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krabi_River), and the [Trang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trang_River). The biggest lake in the south is [Songkhla Lake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Songkhla_Lake) (1,040 km2 (400 sq mi) altogether). The largest artificial lake is the Chiao Lan (Ratchaprapha Dam), occupying 165 km2 (64 sq mi) of [Khao Sok](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khao_Sok) National Park in [Surat Thani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surat_Thani_Province). The total forest area is 17,964 km2 (6,936 sq mi) or 24.3 percent of the provincial area.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_note-RFD-1)
**Ko Lao Liang Phi**
Running through the middle of the peninsula are several mountain chains, with the highest elevation at [Khao Luang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khao_Luang), 1,835 m (6,020 ft), in [Nakhon Si Thammarat Province](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhon_Si_Thammarat_Province). Ranging from the Kra Isthmus to [Phuket](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phuket_Province) Island is the [Phuket chain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phuket_mountain_range), which connects to the [Tanao Si Mountain Range](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanao_Si_Mountain_Range) further north. Almost parallel to the Phuket chain, but 100 km (60 mi) to the east is the [Nakhon Si Thammarat or Banthat chain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhon_Si_Thammarat_mountain_range), which begins with [Samui Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko_Samui), [Ko Pha Ngan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko_Pha_Ngan), and [Ko Tao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko_Tao) in Surat Thani Province and ends at the [Malaysian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia) border at the Ko Ta Ru Tao archipelago. The border with Malaysia is formed by the [Sankalakhiri range](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankalakhiri_mountain_range), sometimes sub-divided into the Pattani, Taluban, and Songkhla chains. At the Malaysian border, the [Titiwangsa chain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titiwangsa_Mountains) rises up.
The limestone of the west coast has been eroded into many steep singular hills. The parts submerged by the rising sea after the last ice age now form many islands, like the well-known [Phi Phi Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phi_Phi_Islands). Also, well known is the so-called *James Bond Island* in [Phang Nga Bay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phang_Nga_Bay), featured in the movie *[The Man with the Golden Gun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Man_with_the_Golden_Gun_(film))*.
The population of the growing region is projected to be 9,156,000 in 2015, up from 8,871,003 in 2010 (census count and adjusted), despite these figures are adjusted for citizens who have left for Bangkok or who have moved to the region from elsewhere, as well as registered permanent residents (residency was problematic in the prior 2000 census), the figure is still misleading. There are still a huge number of migrant or informal workers, temporary workers, and even stateless people, and a large expatriate population is not included.[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_note-3)
Most of Southern Thailand is in [Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenasserim-South_Thailand_semi-evergreen_rain_forests) [ecoregion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecoregion). The [Peninsular Malaysian rain forests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peninsular_Malaysian_rain_forests) and [Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peninsular_Malaysian_montane_rain_forests) ecoregions extend into southernmost Thailand along the border with Malaysia.[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_note-4)
## History
**Wat Phra Baromathat, Nakhon Si Thammarat, an old and important temple**
**Pagoda in [Srivijaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srivijaya)-style, Chaiya, Surat Thani**
**Malay Muslim provinces in Southern Thailand and northern Malaysia.**
The Malay peninsula has been settled since prehistoric times. Archeological remains were found in several caves, some used for dwellings, others as burial sites. The oldest remains were found in [Lang Rongrien](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lang_Rongrien&action=edit&redlink=1) Cave, dating 38,000 to 27,000 years before the present, and in the contemporary Moh Khiew cave.
In the [first-millennium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1st_millennium) Chinese chronicles mention several coastal cities or city-states. No exact geographical locations were recorded, so the identification of these cities with later settlements is difficult. The most important of these states was [Langkasuka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langkasuka), usually considered a precursor of the [Pattani Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattani_Kingdom); [Tambralinga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tambralinga), probably the precursor of the [Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhon_Si_Thammarat_Kingdom), or [P'an-p'an](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_Pan_(kingdom)) in Phunphin district, Surat Thani, probably located at the [Bandon Bay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandon_Bay) [Tapi River](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapi_River,_Thailand). The cities were highly influenced by [Indian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_India) culture, and have adopted [Brahman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahman) or [Buddhist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist) religion. When [Srivijaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srivijaya) in [Chaiya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaiya) extended its sphere of influence, those cities became tributary states of Srivijaya. The city [Chaiya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaiya) in [Surat Thani Province](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surat_Thani_Province) contains several ruins from Srivijaya times and was probably a regional capital of the kingdom. Some Thai historians even claim that it was the capital of the kingdom itself for some time, but this is disputed.
After Srivijaya lost its influence, Nakhon Si Thammarat became the dominant kingdom of the area. During the rule of King [Ramkhamhaeng the Great](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramkhamhaeng_the_Great) of [Sukhothai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhothai_kingdom), Thai influence first reached Nakhon Si Thammarat. According to the Ramkhamhaeng inscription, Nakhon Si Thammarat was a tributary state of Sukhothai. During most of the later periods, Nakhon became a tributary of [Ayutthaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayutthaya_kingdom).
The deep south belonged to the Malay sultanates of [Pattani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattani_Kingdom) and [Kedah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedah), while the northernmost part of the peninsula was under the control of Bangkok.
During the *Thesaphiban* reforms at the end of the 19th century, both Nakhon Si Thammarat and Pattani were incorporated into the central state. The area was subdivided into 5 *[monthon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monthon)*, which were installed to control the city-states (*[Mueang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mueang)*). Minor *Mueang* was merged into larger ones, thus forming the present 14 provinces. With the [Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Siamese_Treaty_of_1909), the boundary to Malaysia was fixed. Kedah came under British control, while Pattani stayed with Siam.
## Languages
*Main articles: [Southern Thai language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thai_language), [Kelantan-Pattani Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelantan-Pattani_Malay), and [Thai language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_language)*
The largest native language is **[Southern Thai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thai_language)** ([Thai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_language): ภาษาไทยใต้ [\[pʰaːsǎː tʰajtâːj\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Thai)), also known as **Pak Thai** or **Dambro** ([Thai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_language): ภาษาตามโพร [\[pʰaːsǎː taːmpʰroː\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Thai)), which is a [southwestern Tai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwestern_Tai_languages) language [spoken](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spoken_language) in the 14 *[Changwat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_of_Thailand)* of southern Thailand as well as by small [Thai communities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Siamese) in the northernmost [Malaysian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia) states. It is spoken natively by roughly five million people and as a second language by the 1.5 million native speakers of [Patani Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patani_Malay). and other [ethnic groups](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_groups) such as the local [Negritos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negritos) communities, and other tribal groups.\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*\]
Although [Central Thai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_language) is the sole official language in Thailand and most people are able to communicate in Central Thai, the language is only the third-largest native language in Southern Thailand, with roughly four hundred thousand native speakers. In particular, it is only native among [Teochew, Hoklo, Hakka, and Cantonese ethnic groups](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_Chinese), particularly in their major [ethnic enclaves](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_enclaves) like [Hat Yai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hat_Yai_District) and [Bandon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mueang_Surat_Thani_District) districts.
## Administrative divisions
The Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC) identifies Southern Thailand as 14 provinces.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_note-NESDC-5)\
The Thai Meteorological Department (TMD) includes Southern Thailand (east coast) also the two provinces: Prachuap Khiri Khan and Phetchaburi.[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_note-6)
| | Name | Thai | Area | Popul-ation | Den-sity | Annual Income | Poverty Ratio | Coastal Region |
| --- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ----------- | -------- | ------------- | ------------- | -------------- |
| 1 |  [Chumphon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chumphon_province) | ชุมพร | 6,009.0 | 510,963 | 85 | 351,672 | 5.4% | East |
| 2 |  [Nakhon Si Thammarat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhon_Si_Thammarat_province) | นครศรีธรรมราช | 9,942.5 | 1,560,433 | 157 | 301,488 | 8.1% | East |
| 3 |  [Narathiwat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narathiwat_province) | นราธิวาส | 4,475.0 | 802,474 | 179 | 238,680 | 37.3% | East |
| 4 |  [Pattani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattani_province) | ปัตตานี | 1,940.4 | 718,077 | 370 | 210,156 | 36.0% | East |
| 5 |  [Phatthalung](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phatthalung_province) | พัทลุง | 3,424.5 | 525,044 | 153 | 257,736 | 14.0% | East |
| 6 |  [Songkhla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Songkhla_province) | สงขลา | 7,393.9 | 1,432,628 | 194 | 331,920 | 8.2% | East |
| 7 |  [Surat Thani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surat_Thani_province) | สุราษฎร์ธานี | 12,891.5 | 1,063,501 | 83 | 437,592 | 1.4% | East |
| 8 |  [Yala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yala_province) | ยะลา | 4,521.1 | 532,326 | 118 | 187,008 | 21.2% | East |
| 9 |  [Krabi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krabi_province) | กระบี่ | 4,709.0 | 473,738 | 101 | 372,132 | 6.4% | West |
| 10 |  [Phang Nga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phang_Nga_province) | พังงา | 4,170.0 | 268,240 | 64 | 346,104 | 5.1% | West |
| 11 |  [Phuket](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phuket_province) | ภูเก็ต | 543.0 | 410,211 | 755 | 378,000 | 0.5% | West |
| 12 |  [Ranong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranong_province) | ระนอง | 3,298.0 | 191,868 | 58 | 264,420 | 16.6% | West |
| 13 |  [Satun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satun_province) | สตูล | 2,479.0 | 321,574 | 130 | 278,496 | 5.8% | West |
| 14 |  [Trang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trang_province) | ตรัง | 4,917.5 | 643,116 | 131 | 279,708 | 15.9% | West |
**Average household annual income in 2015 (Thai baht).**[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_note-INCOME-7)\
**Poverty Ratio in 2016.**[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_note-POVERTY-8)
## Demography
Southern Thailand has 9.454 million inhabitants and its population density is 134 per square kilometers (350/sq mi).[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_note-TDD-2)
### **Ten major cities in southern Thailand**
| No. | Name | Population | Metropolitan |
| --- | ---- | ---------- | ------------ |
| 1 | [Hat Yai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hat_Yai) | 159,627 | 397,379 in [Hat Yai District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hat_Yai_District). |
| 2 | [Surat Thani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surat_Thani) | 130,114 | 177,242 in [Mueang Surat Thani District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mueang_Surat_Thani_District). |
| 3 | [Nakhon Si Thammarat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhon_Si_Thammarat) | 104,948 | 271,330 in [Mueang Nakhon Si Thammarat District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mueang_Nakhon_Si_Thammarat_District). |
| 4 | [Phuket](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phuket_town) | 78,923 | 238,866 in [Mueang Phuket District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mueang_Phuket_District). |
| 5 | [Ko Samui](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko_Samui) | 65,847 | 82,900 in [Ko Samui](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko_Samui)–[Ko Pha Ngan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko_Pha_Ngan). |
| 6 | [Songkhla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Songkhla) | 64,602 | 163,083 in [Mueang Songkhla District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mueang_Songkhla_District). |
| 7 | [Yala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yala,_Thailand) | 61,293 | 167,582 in [Mueang Yala District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mueang_Yala_District). |
| 8 | [Trang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trang,_Trang) | 59,999 | 156,115 in [Mueang Trang District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mueang_Trang_District). |
| 9 | [Pattani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattani_(town)) | 44,900 | 130,178 in [Mueang Pattani District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mueang_Pattani_District). |
| 10 | [Narathiwat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narathiwat) | 41,572 | 124,049 in [Mueang Narathiwat District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mueang_Narathiwat_District). |
## Economy
The bulk of the southern population relies on agriculture for 27 percent of its gross regional product in 2014. It is followed by industry (12 percent), trade (10 percent), transportation (9 percent), tourism (8 percent), and construction and property (7 percent).[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_note-9) For FY 2018, Southern Thailand Region had a combined economic output of 1,402 trillion baht (US$45.2 billion), or 8.6 percent of Thailand's GDP. Surat Thani province had an economic output of 206.869 billion baht (US$6.67 billion). This equates to a GPP per capita of 182,371 baht (US$5,883), more than double that for Yala province, which is fifth, and more than three times for Narathiwat province, lowest in the ranking.[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_note-10)
**Gross Provincial Product (GPP)**
| Rank | Province | GPP<br>(million baht) | Population<br>(x 1000) | GPP per capita (baht) |
| ---- | -------- | ----------------- | ------------------ | --------------------- |
| 1 | Surat Thani | 206,869 | 1,134 | 182,371 |
| 2 | Chumphon | 87,746 | 498 | 176,200 |
| 3 | Songkhla | 248,386 | 1,635 | 151,918 |
| 4 | Nakhon Si Thammarat | 164,375 | 1,507 | 109,050 |
| 5 | Yala | 43,006 | 468 | 91,815 |
| 6 | Pattani | 48,549 | 641 | 75,697 |
| 7 | Phatthalung | 36,006 | 492 | 73,213 |
| 8 | Narathiwat | 44,778 | 721 | 62,066 |
| | **East coast** | **879,715** | **7,096** | **123,973** |
Kamphaeng Phet province had an economic output of 117.705 billion baht (US$3.8 billion). This amounts to a GPP per capita of 150,783 baht (US$4,864), half more than for Tak province, which is fifth in the ranking.
**Gross Provincial Product (GPP)**
| Rank | Province | GPP<br>(million baht) | Population<br>(x 1000) | GPP per capita (baht) |
| ---- | -------- | ----------------- | ------------------ | --------------------- |
| 1 | Phuket | 234,028 | 580 | 403,534 |
| 2 | Phang-nga | 78,493 | 250 | 313,919 |
| 3 | Krabi | 86,684 | 418 | 207,415 |
| 4 | Satun | 31,215 | 290 | 107,505 |
| 5 | Ranong | 28,014 | 269 | 103,966 |
| 6 | Trang | 64,586 | 630 | 102,589 |
| | **West coast** | **523,020** | **2,437** | **214,616** |
## Transportation
Southern Thailand is connected with Bangkok by railway as well as highway. Several regional airports are located in the larger towns. The transportation hub of all of south Thailand is Hat Yai.
### **Road**
[Phetkasem Road](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phetkasem_Road) is the longest road in Thailand, running from Bangkok along the Kra Isthmus and then along the west coast of the peninsula. From Trang, it crosses over to the east coast to Hat Yai and ends at the Malaysian border.
Two [Asian highways](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_highway) run through Southern Thailand: [Asian Highway 2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AH2) runs mostly parallel to the railroad all the way from Bangkok. It crosses to Malaysia at [Sadao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadao_District) and continues on the west side of the peninsula. [Asian Highway 18](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AH18) begins in Hat Yai and runs south along the east coast, crossing Malaysia at [Sungai Kolok](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Kolok).
Ko Samui Airport
Ko Samui Airport runway
Hat Yai Airport
### **Rail**
The [southern railway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Railway_of_Thailand#Southern_Line) connects Bangkok to Hat Yai and continues from there to Sungai Kolok. There are branches from [Ban Thung Phoe Junction](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ban_Thung_Phoe_Junction&action=edit&redlink=1) to [Kirirat Nikhom](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kirirat_Nikhom&action=edit&redlink=1). Two smaller branches of the railway run from [Thung Song](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thung_Song) to Trang and Nakhon Si Thammarat, and from [Hat Yai Junction](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hat_Yai_Station&action=edit&redlink=1) to Malaysia and Singapore.
### **Air**
Southern Thailand has five international airports and six domestic airports. As of 2018, Thailand's transport ministry is constructing the 1.9 billion [baht](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_baht) [Betong Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betong_District). It is scheduled for completion in 2020.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_note-11)
* [Chumphon Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chumphon_Airport)
* [Hat Yai International Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hat_Yai_International_Airport)
* [Krabi International Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krabi_Airport)
* [Nakhon Si Thammarat Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhon_Si_Thammarat_Airport)
* [Narathiwat Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narathiwat_Airport)
* [Pattani Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattani_Airport)
* [Phuket International Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phuket_International_Airport)
* [Ranong Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranong_Airport)
* [Ko Samui International Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samui_Airport)
* [Surat Thani International Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surat_Thani_Airport)
* [Trang Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trang_Airport)
## See also
* [South Thailand insurgency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Thailand_insurgency)
* [Yawi language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yawi_language)
* [OK Betong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OK_Betong) — *Thai film set in Southern Thailand*.
## References
1. ^[ ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_ref-RFD_1-0)["ตารางที่ 2 พี้นที่ป่าไม้ แยกรายจังหวัด พ.ศ.2562"](https://www.forest.go.th/) \[Table 2 Forest area Separate province year 2019\]. Royal Forest Department (in Thai). 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2021, information, Forest statistics Year 2019
2. ^ ["รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ศ.2561"](https://web.archive.org/web/20190614102009/http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/statnew/statTDD/) \[Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2018\]. Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior (in Thai). 31 December 2018. Archived from [the original](http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/statnew/statTDD/) on 14 June 2019. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
3. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_ref-3)** ["Thailand: Major Cities, Towns & Communes - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information"](http://citypopulation.de/Thailand-Cities.html).
4. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_ref-4)** Wikramanayake, Eric; Eric Dinerstein; Colby J. Loucks; et al. (2002). *Terrestrial Ecoregions of the Indo-Pacific: a Conservation Assessment.* Washington, DC: Island Press.
5. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_ref-NESDC_5-0)** ["Revisions to the Gross Regional and Provincial Product 2016 Edition"](https://www.nesdb.go.th/nesdb_en/ewt_dl_link.php?nid=4317). *[nesdb.go.th](http://nesdb.go.th/)*. The Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB). July 2018. Retrieved 26 December 2019. page 35 The South
6. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_ref-6)** ["Weather - Southern-east coast"](https://www.tmd.go.th/en/aboutus/location.php). *[tmd.go.th](http://tmd.go.th/)*. Thai Meteorological Department. 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
7. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_ref-INCOME_7-0)** [ดัชนีความก้าวหน้าของคน ปี2560](https://www.social.nesdb.go.th/social/Portals/O/HAI%202560%20Web%20NESDB.pdf) \[Human Achievement Index - HAI year 2017\] (PDF). *[social.nesdb.go.th](http://social.nesdb.go.th/)* (Report) (in Thai). National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB). 2017. pp. 149–165. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-974-9769-33-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-974-9769-33-1). Retrieved 14 September 2019, sub 5.64-5.77 section: Average household income per month
8. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_ref-POVERTY_8-0)** [ดัชนีความก้าวหน้าของคน ปี2560](https://www.social.nesdb.go.th/social/Portals/O/HAI%202560%20Web%20NESDB.pdf) \[Human Achievement Index - HAI year 2017\] (PDF). *[social.nesdb.go.th](http://social.nesdb.go.th/)* (Report) (in Thai). National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB). 2017. pp. 149–165. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-974-9769-33-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-974-9769-33-1). Retrieved 14 September 2019, sub 5.64-5.77 section: Poverty Ratio
9. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_ref-9)** Wangkiat, Paritta (25 August 2017). ["Songkhla power plant sit-in an energy wake-up call"](http://www.bangkokpost.com/opinion/opinion/1312419/songkhla-power-plant-sit-in-an-energy-wake-up-call). *Bangkok Post*. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
10. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_ref-10)** Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Report 2562-2019: Economic Statistics - National Accounts. Phitsanulok Provincial Statistical Office (Report). National Statistical Office (NSO). 2020. pp. 96–97. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) [1905-8314](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1905-8314).
11. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#cite_ref-11)** Sritama, Suchat (27 August 2018). ["Better days around the bend"](https://www.bangkokpost.com/news/special-reports/1529118/better-days-around-the-bend). *Bangkok Post*. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
## Further reading
* Suthiwong Pongpaiboon. *Southern Thai Cultural Structures and Dynamics Vis-à-vis Development*. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) [974-9553-75-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/974-9553-75-6).
## External links
|  | Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***[Southern Thailand](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Southern_Thailand)***. |
| --- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
* [](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg) [Southern Thailand](https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Southern_Thailand#Q1069853) travel guide from Wikivoyage
---
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