# [蒙台梭利方法，第 2 版](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/English "蒙台梭利区的蒙台梭利方法 - 英语")- English Restoration - [Archive.Org](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/ "Aechive.Org 上的蒙台梭利方法") - [Open Library](https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7089223M/The_Montessori_method "开放图书馆的蒙台梭利方法") > 笔记： > > 1. 章节和字幕链接到 Montessori.Zone 上的文档 > > 2. 附加到字幕的页码链接到[Archive.Org上的原始页面](http://archive.org/) ## 章节索引 - [IX](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/ix/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") ## [第 00 章 - 奉献、致谢、美国版前言、导言](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+00+-+Dedication%2C+Acknowledgements%2C+Preface+to+the+American+Edition%2C+Introduction#the-montessori-method) [A - 奉献](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+00+-+Dedication%2C+Acknowledgements%2C+Preface+to+the+American+Edition%2C+Introduction#a---dedication)-[我](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/n10/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [B - 致谢](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+00+-+Dedication%2C+Acknowledgements%2C+Preface+to+the+American+Edition%2C+Introduction#b---acknowledgements)- [V](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/n12/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [C - 美国版前言](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+00+-+Dedication%2C+Acknowledgements%2C+Preface+to+the+American+Edition%2C+Introduction#c---preface-to-the-american-edition)- [VII](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/vii/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [D - 介绍](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+00+-+Dedication%2C+Acknowledgements%2C+Preface+to+the+American+Edition%2C+Introduction#d---introduction)- [XVII](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/xvii/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第 01 章 - 对新教学法与现代科学关系的批判性思考](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+01+-+A+critical+consideration+of+the+new+pedagogy+in+its+relation+to+modern+science#chapter-1---a-critical-consideration-of-the-new-pedagogy-in-its-relation-to-modern-science)- 1 [1.1 现代科学对教育学的影响](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+01+-+A+critical+consideration+of+the+new+pedagogy+in+its+relation+to+modern+science#1.1-influence-of-modern-science-on-pedagogy)- [1](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/1/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [1.2 意大利在科学教育学发展中的作用](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+01+-+A+critical+consideration+of+the+new+pedagogy+in+its+relation+to+modern+science#1.2-italy%E2%80%99s-part-in-the-development-of-scientific-pedagogy)- [4](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/4/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [1.3 科学技术与科学精神的区别](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+01+-+A+critical+consideration+of+the+new+pedagogy+in+its+relation+to+modern+science#1.3-difference-between-scientific-technique-and-the-scientific-spirit)- [7](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/7/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [1.4 准备的方向应该是精神而不是机制](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+01+-+A+critical+consideration+of+the+new+pedagogy+in+its+relation+to+modern+science#1.4-the-direction-of-the-preparation-should-be-toward-the-spirit-rather-than-toward-the-mechanism)- [9](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/9/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [1.5 大师在人的思想生活的觉醒中研究人](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+01+-+A+critical+consideration+of+the+new+pedagogy+in+its+relation+to+modern+science#1.5-the-master-to-study-man-in-the-awakening-of-his-intellectual-life)- [12](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/12/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [1.6 教师在另一个例子中的态度](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+01+-+A+critical+consideration+of+the+new+pedagogy+in+its+relation+to+modern+science#1.6-the-attitude-of-the-teacher-in-the-light-of-another-example)- [13](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/13/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [1.7 如果学校的科学教育学要诞生，学校必须允许孩子的自由自然表现](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+01+-+A+critical+consideration+of+the+new+pedagogy+in+its+relation+to+modern+science#1.7-the-school-must-permit-the-free-natural-manifestations-of-the-child-if-the-school%E2%80%99s-scientific-pedagogy-is-to-be-born)- [15](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/15/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [1.8 固定的课桌椅证明奴隶制的原则仍然通知学校](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+01+-+A+critical+consideration+of+the+new+pedagogy+in+its+relation+to+modern+science#1.8-stationary-desks-and-chairs-prove-that-the-principle-of-slavery-still-informs-the-school)- [16](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/16/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [1.9 征服自由，学校需要什么](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+01+-+A+critical+consideration+of+the+new+pedagogy+in+its+relation+to+modern+science#1.9-conquest-of-liberty%2C-what-the-school-needs)- [19](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/19/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [1.10 精神可能发生什么](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+01+-+A+critical+consideration+of+the+new+pedagogy+in+its+relation+to+modern+science#1.10-what-may-happen-to-the-spirit)- [20](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/20/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [1.11奖赏](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/21/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”")[与惩罚，灵魂的替补](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+01+-+A+critical+consideration+of+the+new+pedagogy+in+its+relation+to+modern+science#1.11-prizes-and-punishments%2C-the-bench-of-the-soul)——21 [1.12 所有人类的胜利，所有人类的进步，都依赖于内在的力量](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+01+-+A+critical+consideration+of+the+new+pedagogy+in+its+relation+to+modern+science#1.12-all-human-victories%2C-all-human-progress%2C-stand-upon-the-inner-force)- [24](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/24/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第02章-方法的历史](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+02+-+History+of+Methods#chapter-2---history-of-methods)-28 [2.1 确立科学教育学特有方法的必要性](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+02+-+History+of+Methods#2.1-the-necessity-of-establishing-the-method-peculiar-to-scientific-pedagogy)- [28](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/28/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [2.2 “儿童之家”教育制度的由来](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+02+-+History+of+Methods#2.2-origin-of-the-educational-system-in-use-in-the-%22children%E2%80%99s-houses%22)- [31](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/31/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [2.3 Itard 和 Seguin 方法在罗马 Orthophrenic 学校的实际应用](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+02+-+History+of+Methods#2.3-practical-application-of-the-methods-of-itard-and-seguin-in-the-orthophrenic-school-at-rome)- [32](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/32/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [2.4 缺陷教育方法的由来](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+02+-+History+of+Methods#2.4-origin-of-the-methods-for-the-education-of-deficients)- [33](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/33/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [2.5 方法在德国和法国的应用](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+02+-+History+of+Methods#2.5-application-of-the-methods-in-germany-and-france)- [35](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/35/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [2.6 Seguin 的第一个教学材料是精神的](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+02+-+History+of+Methods#2.6-seguin%E2%80%99s-first-didactic-material-was-spiritual)- [37](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/37/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [2.7 适用于正常儿童教育的缺陷方法](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+02+-+History+of+Methods#2.7-methods-for-deficients-applied-to-the-education-of-normal-children)- [42](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/42/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [2.8 “儿童之家”的社会和教学重要性](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+02+-+History+of+Methods#2.8-social-and-pedagogic-importance-of-the-%22children%E2%80%99s-houses%22)- [44](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/44/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第 3 章 - 在“儿童之家”之一开幕之际发表的就职演说](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+03+-+Inaugural+address+delivered+on+the+occasion+of+the+opening+of+one+of+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#chapter-3---inaugural-address-delivered-on-the-occasion-of-the-opening-of-one-of-the-%E2%80%9Cchildren%E2%80%99s-houses%E2%80%9D)- 48 [3.1 “儿童之家”建立前后的圣洛伦索区](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+03+-+Inaugural+address+delivered+on+the+occasion+of+the+opening+of+one+of+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#3.1-the-quarter-of-san-lorenzo-before-and-since-the-establishment-of-the-%22children%E2%80%99s-houses%22)- [48](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/48/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [3.2 转租最残忍的高利贷之恶](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+03+-+Inaugural+address+delivered+on+the+occasion+of+the+opening+of+one+of+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#3.2-the-evil-of-subletting-the-cruelest-form-of-usury)- [50](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/50/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [3.3 生活问题比穷人的智力提升问题更深刻](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+03+-+Inaugural+address+delivered+on+the+occasion+of+the+opening+of+one+of+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#3.3-the-problem-of-life-is-more-profound-than-that-of-the-intellectual-elevation-of-the-poor)- [52](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/52/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [3.4 穷人群众的隔离，在过去几个世纪中是未知的](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+03+-+Inaugural+address+delivered+on+the+occasion+of+the+opening+of+one+of+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#3.4-isolation-of-the-masses-of-the-poor%2C-unknown-in-past-centuries)- [53](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/53/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [3.5 罗马良好建筑协会的工作及其改革的道德重要性](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+03+-+Inaugural+address+delivered+on+the+occasion+of+the+opening+of+one+of+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#3.5-work-of-the-roman-association-of-good-building-and-the-moral-importance-of-their-reforms)- [56](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/56/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [3.6 父母看管房子赚到的“儿童之家](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+03+-+Inaugural+address+delivered+on+the+occasion+of+the+opening+of+one+of+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#3.6-the-%22children%E2%80%99s-house%22-earned-by-the-parents-through-their-care-of-the-building)[”](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/60/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") ——60 [3.7 “儿童之家”的教学组织](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+03+-+Inaugural+address+delivered+on+the+occasion+of+the+opening+of+one+of+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#3.7-pedagogical-organization-of-the-%22children%E2%80%99s-house%22)- [62](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/62/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [3.8 “儿童之家”迈向房屋社会化的第一步](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+03+-+Inaugural+address+delivered+on+the+occasion+of+the+opening+of+one+of+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#3.8-the-%22children%E2%80%99s-house%22-the-first-step-toward-the-socialization-of-the-house)- [65](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/65/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [3.9 公社之家与家庭和女性精神进化的关系](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+03+-+Inaugural+address+delivered+on+the+occasion+of+the+opening+of+one+of+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#3.9-the-communized-house-in-its-relation-to-the-home-and-to-the-spiritual-evolution-of-women)- [66](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/66/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [3.10 “儿童之家”的规章制度](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+03+-+Inaugural+address+delivered+on+the+occasion+of+the+opening+of+one+of+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#3.10-rules-and-regulations-of-the-%22children%E2%80%99s-houses%22)- [70](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/70/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第04章-“儿童之家”中使用的教学方法](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+04+-+Pedagogical+Methods+used+in+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#chapter-4---pedagogical-methods-used-in-the-%E2%80%9Cchildren%E2%80%99s-houses%E2%80%9D)- 72 [4.1 只有通过外部观察的方法才能建立儿童心理](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+04+-+Pedagogical+Methods+used+in+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#4.1-child-psychology-can-be-established-only-through-the-method-of-external-observation)- [72](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/72/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [4.2 人类学考虑](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+04+-+Pedagogical+Methods+used+in+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#4.2-anthropological-consideration)- [73](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/73/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [4.3 人类学笔记](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+04+-+Pedagogical+Methods+used+in+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#4.3-anthropological-notes)- [77](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/77/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [4.4 环境和教室陈设](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+04+-+Pedagogical+Methods+used+in+the+%E2%80%9CChildren%E2%80%99s+Houses%E2%80%9D#4.4-environment-and-schoolroom-furnishings)- [80](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/80/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第05章 - 纪律](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+05+-+Discipline#chapter-5---discipline)- 86 [5.1 通过自由进行纪律](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+05+-+Discipline#5.1-discipline-through-liberty)- [86](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/86/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [5.2 独立](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+05+-+Discipline#5.2-independence)- [95](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/95/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [5.3 取消奖品和外部形式的惩罚](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+05+-+Discipline#5.3-abolition-of-prizes-and-external-forms-of-punishment)- [101](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/101/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [5.4 教育学中自由的生物学概念](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+05+-+Discipline#5.4-the-biological-concept-of-liberty-in-pedagogy)- [104](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/104/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第 06 章 - 应该如何上课](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+06+-+How+the+lesson+should+be+given#chapter-06---how-the-lesson-should-be-given)- 107 [6.1 个别课程的特点](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+06+-+How+the+lesson+should+be+given#6.1-characteristics-of-the-individual-lessons)- [107](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/107/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [6.2 观察方法基本指南](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+06+-+How+the+lesson+should+be+given#6.2-method-of-observation-the-fundamental-guide)- [108](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/108/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [6.3 说明的科学方法和非科学方法之间的区别](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+06+-+How+the+lesson+should+be+given#6.3-difference-between-the-scientific-and-unscientific-methods-illustrated)- [109](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/109/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [6.4 教育者的首要任务是激发生命，让它自由发展](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+06+-+How+the+lesson+should+be+given#6.4-the-first-task-of-educators-is-to-stimulate-life%2C-leaving-it-then-free-to-develop)- [115](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/115/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第07章 - 实践生活的练习](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+07+-+Exercises+for+Practical+Life#chapter-07---exercises-of-practical-life)- 121 [7.1 “儿童之家”的建议时间表](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+07+-+Exercises+for+Practical+Life#7.1-suggested-schedule-for-the-%E2%80%9Cchildren%E2%80%99s-houses%E2%80%9D)- [121](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/121/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [7.2 孩子必须为社会生活的形式做好准备，并且他的注意力会被这些形式所吸引](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+07+-+Exercises+for+Practical+Life#7.2-the-child-must-be-prepared-for-the-forms-of-social-life-and-his-attention-attracted-to-these-forms)- [122](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/122/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第08章 对孩子饮食的反思](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+08+-+Reflection+the+Child%E2%80%99s+diet#)125 [8.1 饮食必须适应孩子的身体特点](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+08+-+Reflection+the+Child%E2%80%99s+diet#8.1-diet-must-be-adapted-to-the-child%E2%80%99s-physical-nature)- [125](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/125/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [8.2 食品及其制备](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+08+-+Reflection+the+Child%E2%80%99s+diet#8.2-foods-and-their-preparation)- [126](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/126/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [8.3 饮料](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+08+-+Reflection+the+Child%E2%80%99s+diet#8.3-drinks)- [132](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/132/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [8.4 膳食分配](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+08+-+Reflection+the+Child%E2%80%99s+diet#8.4-distribution-of-meals)- [133](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/133/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第09章 - 肌肉教育 - 体操](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+09+-+Muscular+education+gymnastics#chapter-9---muscular-education---gymnastics)- 137 [9.1 普遍接受的体操观念是不充分的](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+09+-+Muscular+education+gymnastics#9.1-generally-accepted-the-idea-of-gymnastics-is-inadequate)- [137](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/137/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [9.2 幼儿必备的特殊体操](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+09+-+Muscular+education+gymnastics#9.2-the-special-gymnastics-necessary-for-little-children)- [138](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/138/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [9.3 其他体操器械](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+09+-+Muscular+education+gymnastics#9.3-other-pieces-of-gymnastic-apparatus)- [141](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/141/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [9.4 自由体操](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+09+-+Muscular+education+gymnastics#9.4-free-gymnastics)- [144](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/144/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [9.5 教育体操](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+09+-+Muscular+education+gymnastics#9.5-educational-gymnastics)- [144](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/144/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [9.6 呼吸体操，以及唇、齿和舌体操](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+09+-+Muscular+education+gymnastics#9.6-respiratory-gymnastics%2C-and-labial%2C-dental%2C-and-lingual-gymnastics)- [147](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/147/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第 10 章 - 教育中的自然 - 农业劳动：植物和动物的文化](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+10+-+Nature+in+education+agricultural+labor%3A+Culture+of+plants+and+animals#chapter-10---nature-in-education---agricultural-labor%3A-culture-of-plants-and-animals)- 149 [10.1 Aveyron 的野蛮人](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+10+-+Nature+in+education+agricultural+labor%3A+Culture+of+plants+and+animals#10.1-the-savage-of-the-aveyron)- [149](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/149/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [10.2 伊塔德的教育剧在幼儿​​教育中重演](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+10+-+Nature+in+education+agricultural+labor%3A+Culture+of+plants+and+animals#10.2-itard%E2%80%99s-educative-drama-repeated-in-the-education-of-little-children)- [153](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/153/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [10.3 园艺和园艺基础的一种儿童教育方法](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+10+-+Nature+in+education+agricultural+labor%3A+Culture+of+plants+and+animals#10.3-gardening-and-horticulture-basis-of-a-method-for-education-of-children)- [155](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/155/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [10.4 孩子通过自学开始观察生活现象和预见](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+10+-+Nature+in+education+agricultural+labor%3A+Culture+of+plants+and+animals#10.4-the-child-initiated-into-the-observation-of-the-phenomena-of-life-and-into-foresight-by-way-of-auto-education)- [156](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/156/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [10.5 孩子开始养成耐心的美德和自信的期望，并受到对自然的感觉的启发](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+10+-+Nature+in+education+agricultural+labor%3A+Culture+of+plants+and+animals#10.5-children-are-initiated-into-the-virtue-of-patience-and-into-confident-expectation-and-are-inspired-by-a-feeling-for-nature)- [159](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/159/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [10.6 孩子遵循人类的自然发展方式](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+10+-+Nature+in+education+agricultural+labor%3A+Culture+of+plants+and+animals#10.6-the-child-follows-the-natural-way-of-development-of-the-human-race)- [160](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/160/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第 11 章 - 体力劳动 - 波特的艺术和建筑](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+11+-+Manual+labor+the+potter%E2%80%99s+art%2C+and+building#)- 162 [11.1 体力劳动和体力体操的区别](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+11+-+Manual+labor+the+potter%E2%80%99s+art%2C+and+building#11.1-difference-between-manual-labor-and-manual-gymnastics)- [162](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/162/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [11.2 教育艺术学院](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+11+-+Manual+labor+the+potter%E2%80%99s+art%2C+and+building#11.2-the-school-of-educative-art)- [163](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/163/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [11.3 花瓶的考古、历史和艺术重要性](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+11+-+Manual+labor+the+potter%E2%80%99s+art%2C+and+building#11.3-archaeological%2C-historical%2C-and-artistic-importance-of-the-vase)- [164](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/164/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [11.4 小型砖的制造以及小型墙壁和房屋的建造](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+11+-+Manual+labor+the+potter%E2%80%99s+art%2C+and+building#11.4-manufacture-of-diminutive-bricks-and-construction-of-diminutive-walls-and-houses)- [165](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/165/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第12章 - 感官教育](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+12+-+Education+of+the+senses#chapter-12---education-of-the-senses)- 168 [12.1 发展能量的教育目标](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+12+-+Education+of+the+senses#12.1-aim-of-education-to-develop-the-energies)- [168](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/168/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [12.2 缺陷儿童和正常儿童在呈现由分级刺激组成的教学材料时的反应差异](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+12+-+Education+of+the+senses#12.2-the-difference-in-the-reaction-between-deficient-and-normal-children-in-the-presentation-of-didactic-material-made-up-of-graded-stimuli)- [169](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/169/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [12.3 感官教育的目的是通过重复练习来改进对刺激的差异感知](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+12+-+Education+of+the+senses#12.3-education-of-the-senses-has-as-its-aim-the-refinement-of-the-differential-perception-of-stimuli-through-repeated-exercises)- [173](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/173/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [12.4 塞甘的三个时期](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+12+-+Education+of+the+senses#12.4-three-periods-of-seguin)- [177](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/177/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第 13 章 - 感官教育和教学材料的插图：一般敏感性：触觉、热、基本和立体诺斯替感官](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#chapter-13---education-of-the-senses-and-illustrations-of-the-didactic-material%3A-general-sensibility%3A-the-tactile%2C-thermic%2C-basic%2C-and-stereo-gnostic-senses)- 185 [13.1 触觉、热和气压的教育](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.1-education-of-the-tactile%2C-thermic%2C-and-baric-senses)- [185](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/185/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [13.2 立体感教育](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.2-education-of-the-stereognosis-sense)- [188](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/188/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [13.3 味觉和嗅觉教育](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.3-education-of-the-senses-of-taste-and-smell)- [190](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/190/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [13.4 视觉教育](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.4-education-of-the-sense-of-vision)- [191](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/191/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [13.5 三个系列卡片的练习](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.5-exercises-with-the-three-series-of-cards)- [199](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/199/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [13.6 色觉教育](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.6-education-of-the-chromatic-sense)- [200](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/200/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [13.7 练习辨别声音](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.7-exercise-for-the-discrimination-of-sounds)- [203](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/203/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [13.8 音乐教育](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.8-musical-education)- [206](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/206/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [13.9 听力敏锐度测试](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.9-tests-for-acuteness-of-hearing)- [209](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/209/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [13.10 沉默的教训](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.10-a-lesson-in-silence)- [212](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/212/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第 14 章 - 感官教育的一般说明](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+14+-+General+notes+on+the+education+of+the+senses#chapter-14---general-notes-on-the-education-of-the-senses)- 215 [14.1 生物和社会教育的目的](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+14+-+General+notes+on+the+education+of+the+senses#14.1-the-aim-of-education-biological-and-social)- [215](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/215/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [14.2 感官教育使人成为观察者并直接为实际生活做好准备](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+14+-+General+notes+on+the+education+of+the+senses#14.2-education-of-the-senses-makes-men-observers-and-prepares-them-directly-for-practical-life)- [218](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/218/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第15章 - 智力教育](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+15+-+Intellectual+education#chapter-15-intellectual-education)- 224 [15.1 感官锻炼一种自我教育](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+15+-+Intellectual+education#15.1-sense-exercises-a-species-of-auto-education)- [224](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/224/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [15.2 准确命名法的重要性，以及如何教授它](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+15+-+Intellectual+education#15.2-importance-of-an-exact-nomenclature%2C-and-how-to-teach-it)- [225](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/225/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [15.3 孩子的自发进步 科学教育学的最大胜利](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+15+-+Intellectual+education#15.3-spontaneous-progress-of-the-child-the-greatest-triumph-of-scientific-pedagogy)- [228](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/228/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [15.4 盲人游戏](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+15+-+Intellectual+education#15.4-games-of-the-blind)- [231](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/231/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [15.5 视觉在观察环境中的应用](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+15+-+Intellectual+education#15.5-application-of-the-visual-sense-to-the-observation-of-the-environment)- [232](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/232/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [15.6 使用教学材料的方法：尺寸、形式、设计](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+15+-+Intellectual+education#15.6-method-of-using-didactic-material%3A-dimensions%2C-form%2C-design)- [233](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/233/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [15.7 自由塑料制品](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+15+-+Intellectual+education#15.7-free-plastic-work)- [241](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/241/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [15.8 图形的几何分析：边、角、中心、底](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+15+-+Intellectual+education#15.8-geometric-analysis-of-figures%3A-sides%2C-angles%2C-centre%2C-base)- [243](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/243/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [15.9 色感练习](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+15+-+Intellectual+education#15.9-exercises-in-the-chromatic-sense)- [244](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/244/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第 16 章 - 阅读和写作教学方法](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+16+-+Method+for+the+teaching+of+reading+and+writing#chapter-16---methods-for-the-teaching-of-reading-and-writing)- 246 [16.1 图形语言的自发发展：Seguin 和 Itard](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+16+-+Method+for+the+teaching+of+reading+and+writing#16.1-spontaneous-development-of-graphic-language%3A-seguin-and-itard) - [246](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/246/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [16.2 适合人类进行客观观察和直接逻辑思维的特殊教育的必要性](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+16+-+Method+for+the+teaching+of+reading+and+writing#16.2-the-necessity-of-a-special-education-that-shall-fit-man-for-objective-observation-and-direct-logical-thought)- [252](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/252/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [16.3 客观观察和逻辑思维的结果](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+16+-+Method+for+the+teaching+of+reading+and+writing#16.3-results-of-objective-observation-and-logical-thought)- [253](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/253/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [16.4 没必要开始教用竖笔写字](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+16+-+Method+for+the+teaching+of+reading+and+writing#16.4-not-necessary-to-begin-teaching-writing-with-vertical-strokes)- [257](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/257/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [16.5 正常儿童的自发绘画](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+16+-+Method+for+the+teaching+of+reading+and+writing#16.5-spontaneous-drawing-of-normal-children)- [258](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/258/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [16.6 福禄培尔垫在儿童缝纫教学中的应用](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+16+-+Method+for+the+teaching+of+reading+and+writing#16.6-use-of-froebel-mats-in-teaching-children-sewing)- [260](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/260/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [16.7 在让孩子执行一项任务之前，应该教他们如何做](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+16+-+Method+for+the+teaching+of+reading+and+writing#16.7-children-should-be-taught-how-before-they-are-made-to-execute-a-task)- [261](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/261/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [16.8 两种不同形式的书面运动](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+16+-+Method+for+the+teaching+of+reading+and+writing#16.8-two-diverse-forms-of-movement-made-in-writing)- [262](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/262/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [16.9 正常儿童的实验](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+16+-+Method+for+the+teaching+of+reading+and+writing#16.9-experiments-with-normal-children)- [267](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/267/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [16.10 目前使用的字母的起源](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+16+-+Method+for+the+teaching+of+reading+and+writing#16.10-origin-of-alphabets-in-present-use)- [269](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/269/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第 17 章 - 使用的方法和教学材料的描述](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+17+-+Description+of+the+method+and+didactic+material+used#chapter-17---description-of-the-method-and-didactic-material-used)- 271 [17.1 锻炼倾向于发展以书面形式握住和使用仪器所必需的肌肉机制](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+17+-+Description+of+the+method+and+didactic+material+used#17.1-exercise-tends-to-develop-the-muscular-mechanism-necessary-for-holding-and-using-the-instrument-in-writing)- [271](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/271/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [17.2 写作教学材料](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+17+-+Description+of+the+method+and+didactic+material+used#17.2-didactic-material-for-writing)- [271](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/271/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [17.3 锻炼倾向于建立字母符号的视觉肌肉形象，并建立写作所需动作的肌肉记忆](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+17+-+Description+of+the+method+and+didactic+material+used#17.3-exercise-tends-to-establish-the-visual-muscular-image-of-the-alphabetical-signs%2C-and-to-establish-the-muscular-memory-of-the-movements-necessary-for-writing)- [275](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/275/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [17.4 单词组合练习](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+17+-+Description+of+the+method+and+didactic+material+used#17.4-exercises-for-the-composition-of-words)- [281](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/281/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [17.5 阅读，从书面符号解释一个想法](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+17+-+Description+of+the+method+and+didactic+material+used#17.5-reading%2C-the-interpretation-of-an-idea-from-written-signs)- [296](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/296/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [17.6 单词阅读游戏](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+17+-+Description+of+the+method+and+didactic+material+used#17.6-games-for-the-reading-of-words)- [299](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/299/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [17.7 短语阅读游戏](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+17+-+Description+of+the+method+and+didactic+material+used#17.7-games-for-the-reading-of-phrases)- [303](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/303/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") 17\.8“儿童之家”点[教育已达](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+17+-+Description+of+the+method+and+didactic+material+used#17.8-point-education-has-reached-in-the-%22children%E2%80%99s-houses%22)[——307](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/307/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第18章 - 童年的语言](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+18+-+Language+in+childhood#chapter-18---language-in-childhood)- 310 [18.1 图形语言的生理重要性](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+18+-+Language+in+childhood#18.1-the-physiological-importance-of-graphic-language)- [310](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/310/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [18.2 语言发展的两个时期](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+18+-+Language+in+childhood#18.2-two-periods-in-the-development-of-language)- [312](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/312/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [18.3 必要的演讲分析](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+18+-+Language+in+childhood#18.3-analysis-of-speech-necessary)- [319](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/319/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [18.4 由于教育造成的语言缺陷](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+18+-+Language+in+childhood#18.4-defects-of-language-due-to-education)- [322](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/322/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第 19 章 - 算术教学，算术介绍](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+19+-+Teaching+of+numeration%3A+Introduction+to+arithmetic#chapter-19---teaching-of-numeration%2C-the-introduction-of-arithmetic)- 328 [19.1 用图形符号表示的数字](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+19+-+Teaching+of+numeration%3A+Introduction+to+arithmetic#19.1-numbers-as-represented-by-graphic-signs)- [328](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/328/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [19.2 数字记忆练习](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+19+-+Teaching+of+numeration%3A+Introduction+to+arithmetic#19.2-exercises-for-the-memory-of-numbers)- [330](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/330/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [19.3 从一到二十的加法和减法：乘法和除法](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+19+-+Teaching+of+numeration%3A+Introduction+to+arithmetic#19.3-addition-and-subtraction-from-one-to-twenty%3A-multiplication-and-division)- [332](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/332/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [19.4 小数课：十次以上的算术计算](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+19+-+Teaching+of+numeration%3A+Introduction+to+arithmetic#19.4-lessons-on-decimals%3A-arithmetical-calculations-beyond-ten)- [335](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/335/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第20章 - 练习顺序](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+20+-+Sequence+of+exercise#chapter-20---sequence-of-exercise)- 338 [20.1 材料呈现和练习中的顺序和等级](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+20+-+Sequence+of+exercise#20.1-sequence-and-grades-in-the-presentation-of-material-and-in-the-exercises)- [338](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/338/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [20.2 一年级](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+20+-+Sequence+of+exercise#20.2-first-grade)- [336](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/336/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [20.3 二年级](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+20+-+Sequence+of+exercise#20.3-second-grade)- [339](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/339/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [20.4 三年级](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+20+-+Sequence+of+exercise#20.4-third-grade)- [342](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/342/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [20.5 四年级](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+20+-+Sequence+of+exercise#20.5-fourth-grade)- [343](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/343/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [20.6 五年级](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+20+-+Sequence+of+exercise#20.6-fifth-grade)- [345](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/345/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第 21 章 - 纪律审查](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+21+-+General+review+of+discipline#chapter-21---general-review-of-discipline)- 346 [21.1 纪律优于普通学校](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+21+-+General+review+of+discipline#21.1-discipline-better-than-in-ordinary-schools)- [346](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/346/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [21.2 纪律的第一个曙光来自工作](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+21+-+General+review+of+discipline#21.2-the-first-dawning-of-discipline-comes-through-work)- [350](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/350/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [21.3 有规律的动作是大自然赋予动作的肌肉的真正休息](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+21+-+General+review+of+discipline#21.3-orderly-action-is-the-true-rest-for-muscles-intended-by-nature-for-action)- [354](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/354/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [21.4 发展生命的练习在于重复，而不仅仅是对观念的把握](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+21+-+General+review+of+discipline#21.4-the-exercise-that-develops-life-consists-in-repetition%2C-not-in-the-mere-grasp-of-the-idea)- [358](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/358/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [21.5 重复的目的是让孩子通过注意力、比较和判断来完善他的感官](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+21+-+General+review+of+discipline#21.5-aim-of-repetition-that-the-child-shall-refine-his-senses-through-the-exercise-of-attention%2C-comparison%2C-of-judgment)- [360](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/360/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [21.6 顺服自然是牺牲](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+21+-+General+review+of+discipline#21.6-obedience-is-naturally-sacrificing)- [363](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/363/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [21.7 服从发展意志力和执行必须服从的行为的能力](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+21+-+General+review+of+discipline#21.7-obedience-develops-will-power-and-the-capacity-to-perform-the-act-it-becomes-necessary-to-obey)- [367](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/367/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第22章 - 结论和印象](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+22+-+Conclusions+and+impressions#chapter-22---conclusions-and-impressions)- 371 [22.1 老师成为“儿童之家”自发工作的负责](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+22+-+Conclusions+and+impressions#22.1-the-teacher-has-become-the-director-of-spontaneous-work-in-the-%22children%E2%80%99s-houses%22)人[——371](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/371/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [22.2 宗教教育问题应以正面教育法解决](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+22+-+Conclusions+and+impressions#22.2-the-problems-of-religious-education-should-be-solved-by-positive-pedagogy)- [372](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/372/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") [22.3 “儿童之家”的精神影响](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+22+-+Conclusions+and+impressions#22.3-the-spiritual-influence-of-the-%22children%E2%80%99s-houses%22)- [376](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/376/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") --- ## [第23章-插图](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Illustrations "蒙台梭利方法 - 插图")-[十四](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/xiv/mode/2up) 1. [蒙台梭利博士教授关于几何插图的课程 卷首](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+00+-+Dedication%2C+Acknowledgements%2C+Preface+to+the+American+Edition%2C+Introduction#c---preface-to-the-american-edition "蒙台梭利法——")- [XVI](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/n25/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") 2. [蒙台梭利博士在 Via Giusti 学校的花园](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+09+-+Muscular+education+gymnastics#9.5-educational-gymnastics "蒙台梭利法——")- [144](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/144/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") 3. [孩子们学习扣子和花边。丝带和纽扣框架](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+09+-+Muscular+education+gymnastics#9.5-educational-gymnastics "蒙台梭利法——")- [145](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/145/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") 4. [孩子们在玩彩色丝绸片游戏](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.1-education-of-the-tactile%2C-thermic%2C-and-baric-senses "蒙台梭利法——")- [186](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/186/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") 5. [女孩摸信，男孩按重量告诉物体](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.1-education-of-the-tactile%2C-thermic%2C-and-baric-senses "蒙台梭利法——")- [187](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/187/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") 6. [学生按颜色顺序排列颜色](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.1-education-of-the-tactile%2C-thermic%2C-and-baric-senses "蒙台梭利法——")- [187](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/187/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") 7. [用于教授物体区分的教学设备](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+13+-+Education+of+the+senses+and+illustrations+of+the+didactic+material%3A+General+sensibility%3A+The+tactile%2C+thermic%2C+basic%2C+and+stereo+gnostic+senses#13.3-education-of-the-senses-of-taste-and-smell "蒙台梭利法——")- [190](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/190/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") 8. 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[用于训练触觉和写作教学的教学设备](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+17+-+Description+of+the+method+and+didactic+material+used#17.4-exercises-for-the-composition-of-words "蒙台梭利法——")- [282](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/282/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") 15. [孩子们触摸字母并用纸板写字](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+17+-+Description+of+the+method+and+didactic+material+used#17.4-exercises-for-the-composition-of-words "蒙台梭利法——")- [283](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/283/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") 16. [一个五岁的孩子用钢笔写字的例子。减少四分之一](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+17+-+Description+of+the+method+and+didactic+material+used# "蒙台梭利法——")- [309](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/309/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") 17. 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[纽约州塔里敦的学校](https://montessori-international.com/s/the-montessori-method/wiki/Chapter+21+-+General+review+of+discipline#21.1-discipline-better-than-in-ordinary-schools "蒙台梭利法——")- [349](https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft/page/349/mode/1up "链接到 Archive.Org 上的“蒙台梭利方法”") > ##### **此页面的许可证：** > > 此页面是“**蒙台梭利修复和翻译项目**”的一部分。\ > 请[支持](https://ko-fi.com/montessori)我们的“**全球 0-100 岁以上全包式蒙台梭利教育**”倡议。我们为所有对蒙台梭利教育感兴趣的人创建开放、免费且负担得起的资源。我们在全球范围内将人和环境转变为真正的蒙台梭利。谢谢你！ > > [](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) > > **许可：**本作品及其所有修复编辑和翻译均根据 [Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License 获得许可](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/)。 > > 查看右栏中每个 wiki 页面的**页面历史，以了解有关所有贡献者以及在此页面上完成的编辑、修复和翻译的更多信息。** > > [欢迎捐款](https://ko-fi.com/montessori)和[赞助商](https://ko-fi.com/montessori)，非常感谢！